Criminalistics and Crime Scene Investigation in Microgravity Space
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DOI
Науковий ступінь
Рівень дисертації
Шифр та назва спеціальності
Рада захисту
Установа захисту
Науковий керівник/консультант
Члени комітету
Назва журналу
Номер ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
Національний науковий центр «Інститут судових експертиз ім. Засл. проф. М.С. Бокаріуса»
Анотація
Addresses the challenges and considerations of criminalistics
and crime scene investigation in extraterrestrial gravitational environments. Future space exploration may require the development of
protocols for extraterrestrial crime scene investigations. Challenges
in microgravity effects, confined space environments, forensic techniques, communication, coordination, and legal jurisdiction are
highlighted in this brief. Microgravity effects create difficulties in displacing evidence, such as blood spatter patterns, which make interpretation of events difficult. Restricted areas such as spacecraft and
stations require special techniques and equipment. Storing and securing evidence in microgravity makes traditional methods impractical.
The lack of gravity affects fingerprint development and preservation,
requiring the use of alternative methods. Compact and specialized
equipment is required to analyze DNA in space. Communication delays hinder real-time collaboration between researchers on Earth and
those in space. Guidance can be provided to personnel in space with
remote technologies and autonomous systems. Determining legal
jurisdiction for crimes committed in space or on spacecraft requires
complex international cooperation and agreements. The development
of space law, technology and international agreements is important
to meet the challenges of extraterrestrial crime scene investigations.
Future discussions and research will provide a basis for establishing
protocols for extraterrestrial crime scene investigations to ensure effective and fair forensic practices. As space exploration progresses,
advances need to be made in these areas. As space exploration advances, the development of space law, technology, and international agreements is crucial to meeting the unique challenges of extraterrestrial crime scene investigations. This summary provides a basis for
future discussions and research regarding the establishment of protocols to ensure effective and fair forensic practices off Earth.
Опис
he disciplines of criminalistics and crime
scene investigation, forensic science and
space research in space are developing
by merging and progressing in the
future. However, it should be taken into
consideration that crimes are committed in
space and due to the micro-levels of gravity,
and even due to the human factor that will
increase with the increasing astronomy
and space science in space where there
is no gravity. It should be known how
criminalistic and crime scene investigations
should be carried out due to the possibility
of any incident occurring in space as people
are included in space and mission periods
are extended. It is necessary to express the
problem of uncertainty in the processes of
crime scene investigation and criminalistic
techniques in space, collecting, examining
and analyzing scientific evidence for the
purpose of solving the causes or qualities
that can be considered forensic in any
criminal activity or accident. In order
to understand the investigation of crime
scenes of different types and sizes in
space, it is necessary to first know enough information about space and understand
what kind of challenges the potential risks
pose from a criminalistic perspective.
The basis of these risks is living in
space, working in an environment with
microgravity, exposure to radiation and
working in a closed environment, that is,
in space vehicles, are some of the inherent
dangers. In addition, some of the other
dangerous situations that may occur inside
and outside spacecraft are equipment
malfunctions, medical emergencies
and even intentional sabotage. Another
problem in space is the knowledge of
space researchers in criminalistics and
crime scene investigation. It is important
that forensic astronauts are trained to be
able to conduct crime scene investigations
in space, collect valuable evidence, and
reconstruct the incident sequence to
determine the cause or identify the people
involved. Unlike Earth, 90 percent of
gravity in space is reduced to microgravity.
Microgravity, which begins in Earth orbit
and continues in space, may vary depending
on environmental conditions, that is,
according to research conducted in space
geology. In this case, microgravity brings differences from standard environmental
conditions in the evaluation of physical
events by astronauts or forensic astronauts
and criminal crime scene investigators. For
example, blood spatter patterns may differ
in microgravity conditions. This presents
special challenges that must be taken into
account in scientific and forensic analyzes
of events occurring in space 4
. With all this,
examining crime scenes in space poses
different challenges and risks compared
to some traditional crime scenes, as well
as physical, chemical, biological and
geological conditions on Earth. For example,
the absence of gravity and its presence at
micro levels affects the movement and
interaction of objects, making it difficult
to determine the exact trajectory of bullets
or the location of evidence or evidence at
the time of the incident. Additionally, the
absence or limited availability of vehicles
and supplies in space may hinder the
collection and preservation of evidence
due to limited equipment and equipment.
Astronaut forensic investigators must
develop new techniques and adapt their
practices to the environment, using new
methods to effectively secure and analyze
evidence. Overcoming such challenges is
crucial to the successful investigation of
emerging criminal activity or accidentrelated investigations.
Ключові слова
Criminalistics, Microgravity, Crime Scene Investigation, Space, Gravity
Бібліографічний опис
Tan, G. A. (2024). Criminalistics and Crime Scene Investigation in Microgravity Space. Теорія
та практика судової експертизи і криміналістики. Вип. 1 (34). С. 132—145. DOI: 10.32353/
khrife.1.2024.08.