Modern Issues of Determining Object of Criminological Activity of Forensic Science Institutions: Interdisciplinary Analysis and Preventive Potential

Abstract

The paper examines contemporary issues in defining the object of criminological activity of expert institutions in the context of current challenges in law enforcement and interdis-ciplinary analysis. The author focuses on the transformation of ideas about the object of criminological influence from material carriers to information traces, factual data, and cir-cumstances revealed in the process of expert research. The preventive value of such ele-ments, which allow the identification of criminogenic factors, systemic vulnerabilities, and typical scenarios of offenses, is substantiated. Within the framework of an interdisciplinary approach, the role of specialized knowledge in the formation of strategic prevention, which combines criminological diagnostics with the development of effective prevention measures, is considered. The article proposes a conceptual update of approaches to expert prevention as an important tool for legal security and analytical response to crime.